The Yoga Of The Division Of Wisdom

The blessed Lord said:

1.I taught this imperishable Yoga to Vivasvan; he told it to Manu; Manu proclaimed it to Ikshvaku.

2. This, handed dowh thus in regular succession, the royal sages knew. This Yoga by long lapse of time, has been lost here. O Parantapa (burner of the foes).

3. That same ancient Yoga has been today taught to thee by me, for thou art My devotee and My friend; it is the supreme secret.

Arjuna said:

4. Later on was thy birth, and prior to it was the birth of Vivasvan (the Sun); how am I to understand that Thou taughtest this Yoga in the beginning?

The Blessed Lord said:

5. Many births of mine have passed as well as of thine, O Arjuna; I know them all but thou knowest not, O Parantapa (scorcher of foes).

6. Though I am unborn, of imperishable nature, and though I am the Lord of all beings, yet, governing My own Nature, I am bom by My own Maya.

7. Whenever there is decline of righteousness, O Arjuna, and rise of unrighteousness, then I manifest Myself.

8. For the protection of the good, for the destruction of the wicked and for the establishment of righteousness, I am bom in every age.

9. He who thus knows, in their true light, My divine birth and action, having abandoned the body, is not bom again; he comes to Me, O Arjuna.

10. Freed from attachment, fear and anger, absorbed in Me, taking refuge in Me, purified by the fire of knowledge, many have attained to My Being.

11. In whatever way men approach Me even so do I reward them; My path do men tread in all ways, O Arjuna.

12. Those who long for success in action in this world sacrifice to the gods; because success is quickly attained by men through action.

13. The fourfold caste has been created by Me according to the differentiation of Guna and Karrna; though I am the author thereof know Me as non-doer and immutable.

14. Actions do not taint Me, nor have I a desire for the fruit of actions. He who knows me thus is not bound by actions.

15. Having known this, the ancient seekers after freedom also performed action; therefore do thou also perform action, as did the ancients in days of yore.

16. What is action? What is inaction? As to this even the wise are confused. Therefore I shall teach thee such action (the nature of action and inaction) by knowing, which thou shalt be liberated from the evil (of Samsara, the wheel of birth and death).

17. For verily (the true nature) of action (enjoined by the scriptures) should be known, also (that) of forbidden (or unlawful) action, and of inaction; hard to understand is the nature (path) of action.

18. He who seeth inaction in action and action in inaction, he is wise among men, he is a Yogi and performer of all actions.

19. He whose undertakings are all devoid of desires and (selfish) purposes and whose actions have been burnt by the fire of knowledge, him the wise call a sage.

20. Having abandoned attachment to the fruits of the action, ever content, depending on nothing, he does not do anything though engaged in activity.

21. Without hope and with the mind and the self-controlled, having abandoned all greed, doing mere bodily action, he incurs no sin.

22. Content with what comes to him without effort, free from the pairs of opposites and envy, Even-minded in success and failure, though actinc, he is not bound.

23. To one who is devoid of attachment, who is liberated, whose mind is established in knowledge, who works for the sake of sacrifice (for the sake of God), the whole action is dissolved.

24. Brahman is the oblation; Brahman is the melted butter (ghee); by Brahman is the oblation poured into the fire of Brahman; Brahman verily shall be reached by him who always sees Brahman in action.

25. Some Yogis perform sacrifice to the gods alone; while others (who have realised the Self) offer the Self as sacrifice by the Self in the fire of Brahman alone.

26. Some again offer the organ of hearing and other senses as sacrifice in the fire of restraint; others offer sound and other objects of the senses as sacrifice in the fire of the senses.

27. Others again sacrifice all the functions of the senses and those of the breath (vital energy or Prana) in the fire of the Yoga of self-restraint kindled by knowledge.

28. Others again offer wealth, austerity and Yoga as sacrifice, while the ascetics of self-restraint and rigid vows offer study of scriptures and knowledge as sacrifice.

29. Others offer as sacrifice the outgoing breath in the incoming, and the incoming in the outgoing, restraining the course of the outgoing and the incoming breaths, solely absorbed in the restraint of the breath.

30. Others who regulate their diet offer life-breaths in life-breaths. All these are knowers of sacrifice, whose sins are destroyed by sacrifice.

31. Those who eat the remnants of the sacrifice, which are like nectar go to the eternal Brahman. This world is not for the man who does not perform sacrifice; how then can he have the other, O Arjuna?

32. Thus, manifold sacrifices are spread out before Brahman (literally at the mouth or face of Brahman). Know them all as bom of action and thus knowing, thou shalt be liberated.

33. Superior is wisdom-sacrifice to the sacrifice with objects, O Parantapa (harasser of the foes). AR actions in their entirety, O - Arjuna, culminate in knowledge.

34. Know that by long prostration, by question and by service; the wise who have reahsed the Truth will instruct thee in (that) knowledge.

35. Knowing that thou shalt not, O Arjuna, again get deluded like this and by that thou shalt see all beings in thy Self and also in me.

36. Even if thou art the most sinful of all sinners, yet thou shalt verily cross all sins by the raft of knowledge.

37. As the blazing fire reduces fuel to ashes, O Arjuna, so does the fire of knowledge reduce all actions to ashes.

38. Verily, there is no purifier in this world like knowledge. He who is perfected in Yoga finds it in the Self in time.

39. The man who is full of faith, who is devoted to it, and who has subdued the senses obtains (this) knowledge; and having obtained the knowledge he attains at once to the supreme peace.

40. The ignorant, the faithless, the doubting self goes to destruction; there is neither this world nor the other, nor happiness for the doubting.

41. He who has renounced actions by Yoga, whose doubts are rent asunder by knowledge, and who is self-possessed-actions do not bind him, O Arjuna.

. 42. Therefore with the sword of knowledge (of the Self) cut asunder the doubt of the self-bom of ignorance, residing in thy heart, and take refuge in Yoga. Arise, O Arjuna.

Thus in the Upanishads of the glorious Bhagavad-Gita, the science of the Eternal, the scripture of Yoga, the dialogue between Sri Krishna and Arjuna, ends the fourth discourse entitled: